Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.

Prachi ghai Grade: 11

        Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.

9 years ago

Answers : (1)

shashank Saxena

13 Points

Substituent groups on a benzene ring affect electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in two ways:

Reactivity

activate (faster than benzene)

or deactivate (slower than benzene)

Orientation

ortho- + para- direction

or meta- direction

-CH₃

activates the benzene ring towards EAS
directs substitution to the ortho- & para- positions

-NO₂

deactivates the benzene ring towards EAS
directs substitution to the meta- position

Common substituent groups and their effect on EAS:

     -NH₂, -NHR, -NR₂
    -OH
    -OR
    -NHCOCH₃                                        ortho/para directions
    -C₆H₅
    -R
    -H
    -X
    -CHO, -COR
    -SO₃H
    -COOH, -COOR
    -CN                                                  meta directions
    -NR₃+
    -NO₂