Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.

Question

shashank Saxena · Answer

Substituent groups on a benzene ring affect electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in two ways:

Reactivity

activate (faster than benzene)

or deactivate (slower than benzene)

Orientation

ortho- + para- direction

or meta- direction

-CH₃

activates the benzene ring towards EAS
directs substitution to the ortho- & para- positions

-NO₂

deactivates the benzene ring towards EAS
directs substitution to the meta- position

Common substituent groups and their effect on EAS:

     -NH₂, -NHR, -NR₂
    -OH
    -OR
    -NHCOCH₃                                        ortho/para directions
    -C₆H₅
    -R
    -H
    -X
    -CHO, -COR
    -SO₃H
    -COOH, -COOR
    -CN                                                  meta directions
    -NR₃+
    -NO₂

_{Increasing reactivity from NO}₂

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Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.

Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.

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