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Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.

Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.


 







 









Grade:11

1 Answers

shashank Saxena
13 Points
14 years ago

 


Substituent groups on a benzene ring affect electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in two ways:

Reactivity

 

  •      activate  (faster than benzene)
  •      or deactivate (slower than benzene)

Orientation

 

  •     ortho- + para- direction
  •     or meta- direction

    -CH3

 

  •     activates the benzene ring towards EAS
  •     directs substitution to the ortho- & para- positions

             -NO2

 

  •     deactivates the benzene ring towards EAS
  •     directs substitution to the meta- position

 


Common substituent groups and their effect on EAS:



     -NH2, -NHR, -NR2
    -OH
    -OR
    -NHCOCH3                                         ortho/para directions
    -C6H5
    -R
    -H
    -X                                
    -CHO, -COR
    -SO3H
    -COOH, -COOR
    -CN                                                  meta directions
    -NR3+
    -NO2

Increasing reactivity from NO2

 

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