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Grade: 11 

                        
Explain Benzene ring effect. Also give common substituent groups and their effect on EAS, Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution.
11 years ago

Answers : (1)

shashank Saxena
13 Points 
							
 




Substituent groups on a benzene ring affect electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in two ways:



Reactivity


 


    
    
  •      activate  (faster than benzene)
    • 



    
    
  •      or deactivate (slower than benzene)
    • 



Orientation


 


    
    
  •     ortho- + para- direction
    • 



    
    
  •     or meta- direction
    
    
    
    -CH3 
    • 



 


    
    
  •     activates the benzene ring towards EAS
    • 
    
  •     directs substitution to the ortho- & para- positions
    • 



             -NO2


 


    
    
  •     deactivates the benzene ring towards EAS
    • 
    
  •     directs substitution to the meta- position
    • 



 




Common substituent groups and their effect on EAS:












     -NH2, -NHR, -NR2

    -OH

    -OR

    -NHCOCH3                                         ortho/para directions

    -C6H5

    -R

    -H

    -X                                

    -CHO, -COR

    -SO3H

    -COOH, -COOR

    -CN                                                  meta directions

    -NR3+

    -NO2


Increasing reactivity from NO2




 
11 years ago
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