what is hyperconjugation effect? how it explain the stability of alkenes

When atoms / groups having lone pair of electrons are bonded by a single bond to the conjugated system, they displace electrons towards multiple bonds.

• When electronegative atoms or group of atoms bond themselves to the conjugated systems by multiple bonding they pull electrons from the multiple bond.

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This conjugation between electrons of single (H-C) bond with multiple bonds is called hyperconjugation. This occurs when the sigma (s) electrons of the H-C bond that is attached to an unsaturated system, such as double bond or a benzene ring, enter into conjugation with the unsaturated system.

If sigma electrons containing acidic H are present at alternate position with πelectron system, then sigma electrons enter into conjugation with π electron system

Hyperconjugation means transfer of the sigma electron which are there in between C-H bond to the next carbon which is attached to alfa carbonMore the number of alfa hydrogenAnd then more the number of hyperconjugation structure which leads to stability.

In a system having double, triple, bonds the ¶(sigma bond) is least contributing to the stability of compound since it is not fulfilling the basic cond. of resonance therefore ¶ bond b/w (C-H) is considered as evil and is pressurized by other bonds hence H of -(CH) is sent outside but within the electrostatic range of C ( * bond b/w C-H is not broken since b.e greater than reso_ energy that will lead to instability.) So( -)ve charge comes on C atom which shares it to pure p orbital of other C atom )and makes π bond , now all members of compound are happy & shows max stabily leading to Hyper conjugation . H atom which goes outside is called alpha H more the no of H atoms which goes outside more is hyperconjugation.

In hyperconguhative effect first need a double bond between c atom (c=c). Besides * carbon called alpha carbon who realise a hydrogen ion than the election made a double bond between alpha and * carbon .And than the other double bond election go through the beside the * carbon hade.