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Question: What is the difference between Organic Compounds and Inorganic Compounds, how can you compare between the two, in a detailed way?
Comparison between Organic and Inorganic Compounds
Organic Compounds
Inorganic Compounds
*Organic Compounds are composed of few elements only.C, H,O,N,S,P and halogens are the most common.
* Inorganic Compounds are composed of all the known elements.
*They are generally found in living matter, i.e., animals and plants.
*They are generally obtained from non-living matter, i.e., minerals.
*They are usually gases, liquids or solids having low melting points.
*They are usually solids having high melting and boiling points.
*These, being covalent compounds, are generally insoluble in water and other polar solvents. These are fairly soluble in non-polar solvents.
*These, being electrovalent compounds, are generally soluble in water and other polar solvents. However, these are insoluble in non-polar solvents.
*The number of these compounds is very large, i.e., well over five million organic compounds are known. Every year thousands of new compounds are added to the existing list.
*The number of these compounds is small, i.e. about one lakh inorganic compounds are known. Their number has become somewhat fixed as new compounds are rarely discovered.
*They are generally volatile and inflammable.
*They are generally non-volatile and non-combustible.
*Their solutions are non- conductors of electricity.
* Their solutions are good- conductors of electricity.
*Chemical reactions are molecular and slow. The yields are poor due to side reactions.
*Chemical reactions are ionic and fast. The yields are quantitative and there is no side reaction.
*They exhibit the phenomenon of isomerism.
*The co-ordination compounds show the phenomenon of isomerism only.
*They have been classified into many classes on the basis of functional groups. Each class is represented by a general formula and the members show similar properties. Each class is known as homologous series.
*Homologous series are not found. The compounds are mainly divided as acids, bases and salts.
*Some compounds are highly complex and have high molecular masses. These complex compounds are stable.
*Inorganic compounds are less complex. Comparatively a complex compound is generally less stable.
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