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2-chloropropanoic acid is stronger than 3-chloropropanoic acid.why?

2-chloropropanoic acid is stronger than 3-chloropropanoic acid.why?

Grade:12th pass

2 Answers

Vikas TU
14149 Points
7 years ago
In2-chloropropanoic acid Cl is at 2nd position of numbering in chain and therefore, 
the -inductive effect is distance dependent.
The distance to -COOH group for Cl is less than in 3-chloropropanoic acid and hence it has more -I effct which makes it more stable and stronger.
Aman Raj
13 Points
3 years ago
Inductive effect is inversely proportional to distance (upto three carbon).
As chloride ion shoes -I effect it attracts the extra electrons of the anion and thus delocalises it and thus forms a stable anion which is sign of strong acid.
In 2 chloropropanoic acid the the chloride ion is nearer to the anion as compared to 3 chloropropanoic acid . Thus more inductive effect which provides a more stable anion. Therefore a stronger acid .

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