What is dark energy?How can the the growth of universe be explained through it?

Dear saikat,

measurements of the cosmic microwave background indicate that the Universe has a flat geometry on large scales. Because there is not enough matter in the Universe -- either ordinary or darkmatter -- to produce this flatness, the difference must be attributed to a "dark energy". This same dark energy causes the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe. In addition, the effect of dark energy seems to vary, with the expansion of the Universe slowing down and speeding up over different times.

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