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Coriolis force is a fictitious force which is caused by way Earth moves. Fictitious forces are forces that don't really have a visible source in contrast to a normal Newtonian force you would encounter when you push something or hit a ball, for example. Fictitious forces are most notable because they don't have a certain source that implements the force so they don't act accordingly to Newton's third law. What object will you implement the force if there are none, right. The thing about fictitious forces is that they don't really exist but they also exist at the same time. They are forces that occur because we, the humans, are just in the middle of everything that's going on which makes our point of view imperfect to make the best observations.
The most common daily life exams of fictitious forces is the centrifugal force. Imagine that you tie a ball with a rope to the side of a spinning merry-go-round. It will move to the outer section of the merry-go-round. But this is odd, as if we draw the free body diagram for the ball in this situation, the only forces that exist are towards the center of the merry-go-round (centipedal force caused by the changing velocity of the ball) or they are perpendicular to the surface, making them irrelevant to this movement. Yet, the ball, due to its mass, moves away from the center which is caused by centrifugal force.
Coriolis force is another example of these fictitious forces. A way that I use to conceive this is to consider the earth as the merry-go-round and the air as the ball. (of course, this is physically much more complex and they are different cases, though it's the same basic principle.) The air, just like the ball did in the previous example, moves from the center of the earth, not following the exactly same pattern of movement through space as the world does, which causes us who do travel in concord with the Earth to feel this air movement as winds.
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