Question icon
Grade 11Mechanics

The streamlines of the Poiseuille field of flow are shown in Fig. 16-40. The spacing of the streamlines indicates that although the motion is rectilinear, there is a velocity a gradient in the transverse direction. Show that the Poiseuille flow is rotational.
src=data:image/png;base64,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

Profile image of Radhika Batra
11 Years agoGrade 11
Answers icon

1 Answer

Profile image of Kevin Nash
11 Years ago
Consider the rectangular path in the fluid flow. It is parallel to the flow on the top and bottom sides. But it is perpendicular on the left and right sides. It is shown as below:
234-645_1.PNG
234-2376_1.PNG