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Let relaxed length of the spring is L. Let coordinates of block is x1, coordinates of point P is x2 and elongation of the spring is x at certain time t. Then we can write
Differentiating twice wrt t, we can write
(1)
Given that acceleration of P is a2 (= 4 m/s2), and acceleration of the block is
We can write the above equation as
(2)
Solution of this differential equation gives
, where
Acceleration a1 of the block is given by
(3)
To find maximum and minimum values of a1,
From this we can easily see that a1 will have minimum value when ωt = 0, 2π, etc and will be maximum at ωt = π, 3π, etc..
Hence from equation 3, minimum value of a1 = 0, whereas maximum value of a1 = 8 m/s2
Alternatively, let us try to solve this problem from the reference frame of point P. Viewed from this frame, there will be a pseudo force -map acting on the mass m, where ap is the accleration of P. You can see that since in this frame point P is fixed, the mass m will have Simple Harmonic Oscillations as it is attached to the spring.
I am assuming that you are aware of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) concepts, then you will know that maximum acceleration of the mass will happen at extreme position (maximum extension).
At the maximum extension position, the mass will come to instantaneous rest, and work done by the pseudo force will be equal to the potential energy stored in the spring.
So, if x is the maximum extension, then we can write and at the maximum extension, acceleration of the mass is given by , as ap = 4 m/s2, given.
Hope this helps.
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