Three identical particles each of mass m are placed at the corners of an equilateral triangle of side l.The work done by external force to increase the side of triangle from l to 2l isa) -3GM^2/2lb) -3Gm^2/lc) 3GM^2/2ld) 3GM^2/l

The gravitational potential energy of the a pair of particles is -Gmm/l²

Since there exist three pairs (3 particles constitute three pairs)  then the potential energie of system is -3(Gmm/l)

When the side of the cube is increased frm l to 2l then the potential energy of system is   -3(Gmm/(2l))

Subtracting final U_f with initial U_{i =} 3(Gmm/(2l))

Note: If we are bringing the particles away frm each other then we have to supply energy against gravitation so it is definitely +. So no chance for option a,b

So clearly Option (c)