What is mean by magnetic moment ? Define and give the mathematical expression ?

The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it. A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments.

The magnetic force produced by a bar magnet, at a given point in space, therefore depends on two factors: on both the strength p of its poles, and on the vector  separating them.

The moment is defined as

m= p.l

dear Raghu

The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the force the magnet can exert on electric currents and the torque that a magnetic field will exert on it

m = p*l

 the strength p of its poles, and on the vector  separating them

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Rathod Shankar

IIT Bombay