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Why is the value of second ionisation potential higher than the first ionisation potential

Why is the value of second ionisation potential higher than the first ionisation potential

Grade:12th pass

2 Answers

Apurva Sharma
220 Points
5 years ago
When the 1st electron is removed from an atom its effective nuclear charge increases comparing to the no. Of electrons it holds. Thus no. Of electron decreases and its hold increases on other outermost electrons.
Thus due to increased effective nuclear charge more energy is required to remove the second electron from the element. i.e. greater 2nd ionisation enthalpy.
REENU SIVADARSHINI.M
118 Points
5 years ago
IONISATION ENERGY :
      IT IS DEFINED AS THE MINIMUM AMOUNT OF ENERGY REQUIRED TO REMOVE  THE  MOST LOOSELY BOUND ELECTRON FROM THE VALENCE SHELL OF ISOLATED NEUTRAL GASEOUS ATOM  IN ITS GROUND STATE . 
SUCCESIVE IONISATION ENERGY 
     THE MINIMUM AMOUNT OF ENERGY REQUIRED TO REMOVE AN ELECTRON FROM UNIPOSITIVE CATION IS CALLED SECOND IONISATION ENERGY .
     THE TOTAL NO. OF ELECTRONS  ARE LESS IN A CATION THAN A NEUTRAL  ATOM  WHILE THE NUCLEAR CHARGE  REMAINS THE SAME . HENCE THE EFFECTIVE NUCLEAR CHARGE OF THE CATION IS GREATER THAN THE NEUTRAL ATOM  . SO SECOND IONISATION IS HIGHER THAN FIRST

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