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Trend of electron gain enthalpy and electron affinity?

Trend of electron gain enthalpy and electron affinity?

Grade:11

1 Answers

Arun
25750 Points
6 years ago
Dear Chandan
Ionization Potential is the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom. Energy is supplied for removing an atom implies that energy will be released if an extra electron is added to the atom. The amount of energy released when a neutral atom in its gaseous state accepts an electron and gets converted into a negatively charged ion is known as electron affinity.
 

Electron affinity or electron gain enthalpy depends on:

1. Atomic size: If the atomic size is small, then there will be greater electron gain enthalpy because the effective nuclear forces will be greater in the smaller atoms and the electrons will be held firmly.

2. Nuclear charge: The greater the nuclear charge more will be the value for electron gain enthalpy because increase in nuclear charge will increase the effective nuclear force on valence electrons.

Trends in electron gain enthalpy

In a period, as we move from left to right the atomic size decreases due to the increase in the nuclear force hence the electron gain enthalpy increases. Whereas while moving down a group in the periodic table, the atomic size increases thereby causing a decrease in the value of electron gain enthalpy.

Regards

Arun (askIITians forum expert)

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