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The stability of +1 oxidation state among Al,Ga,In,Tl please give the order

The stability of +1 oxidation state among Al,Ga,In,Tl 
please give the order

Grade:11

2 Answers

Varon
510 Points
5 years ago
The stability of +1 oxidation state in the 13th group increases so the order is
Tl>In>Ga>Al
thank you
Raghulal Prajapati
76 Points
5 years ago
generally in Boron family oxidation state is +3 . but as we go down the group screening effect start acting so s block of last orbit do not participate in bonding . and stability of  +1 oxidation state increases because  due to decrease in z effective  poor shielding occurs which let one outer electron go easily. 
 

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