The Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe process (named after Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt) is a carboxylation chemical reaction that proceeds by heating sodium phenoxide (the sodium salt of phenol) with carbon dioxide under pressure (100 atm, 125 °C), then treating the product with sulfuric acid. The final product is an aromatic hydroxy acid which is also known as salicylic acid (the precursor to aspirin).[1][2][3][4]Kolbe–Schmitt reactionNamed after Hermann KolbeRudolf SchmittReaction type Addition reactionIdentifiersOrganic Chemistry Portal kolbe-schmitt-reactionRSC ontology ID RXNO:0000182The Kolbe–Schmitt reactionBy using potassium hydroxide, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid is accessible, an important precursor for the versatile paraben class of biocides used e.g. in personal care products.The methodology is also used in the industrial synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. The regiochemistry of the carboxylation in this case is sensitive to temperature.[5]

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