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In electromagnetic wave, the average energy density is associated A with electric field only B with magnetic field only C equally with electric and magnetic fields D None of these

In electromagnetic wave, the average energy density is associated

A

with electric field only

B

with magnetic field only

C

equally with electric and magnetic fields

D

None of these

Grade:12

1 Answers

Mayank Ranka
askIITians Faculty 277 Points
3 years ago
Dear student,

Answer: C

The energy in an electromagnetic wave is tied up in the electric and magnetic fields. In general, the energy per unit volume in an electric field is given by:

energy density  in electric field=21ϵ0E2

In a magnetic field, the energy per unit volume is:

energy density  in magnetic  field=2μ01B2

An electromagnetic wave has both electric and magnetic fields, so the total energy density associated with an electromagnetic wave is:

u=21ϵ0E2+2μ01B2

It turns out that for an electromagnetic wave, the energy associated with the electric field is equal to the energy associated with the magnetic field, so the energy density can be written in terms of just one or the other:

u=21ϵ0E2=2μ01B2

This also implies that in an electromagnetic wave, E = cB.

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