The Tempest Summery 1.Prospero, a sorcerer and the rightful Duke of Milan, dwells on an enchanted isle with his daughter, Miranda. Twelve years earlier, the duke`s brother, Antonio, and Alonso, the King of Naples, conspired to usurp his throne. They set Prospero and Miranda adrift in a boat, and they eventually found themselves marooned on the island. Prospero is served on his island by Ariel, a spirit who he freed from a tree with magic, and Caliban, son of the witch Sycorax. When magic reveals that a ship bearing his old enemies is sailing near the island, Prospero summons a storm to wreck their ship. The survivors make it to shorein scattered groups. Among these is Ferdinand, the son of Alonso. He is lulled to Prospero`s abode by the singing of Ariel; there he meets Miranda, who is enthralled with the young prince. 2.Meanwhile, Antonio, Alonso, Sebastian, and Gonzalo wander the island in search of Ferdinand. Antonio now plots with Sebastian to murder Alonso, but this plot is thwarted by Ariel. Elsewhere on the island, Stephano and Trinculo encounter Caliban. After sharing a few drinks, Caliban tries to enlist the two in a plot to kill Prospero and rule the island himself. He even promises Miranda to Stephano. Ariel, however, reports all these goings-on to Prospero. In the meantime, Miranda and Ferdinand pledge their troth to each other. 3.Prospero isn`t finished with his sport of Antonio and Alonso, either. He creates a magical banquet for the two men that vanishes whenever they try to eat. He also sends Ariel in the guise of a harpy to hound them for their crimes against Prospero. Later, at a masque to celebrate the upcoming marriage of Miranda and Ferdinand, Prospero remembers Caliban`s plot and abruptly calls the revels to a halt. He sends Ariel to punish them as well; the spirit does so by first luring them with some fancy clothes, then setting other island spirits upon them in the shape of hunting dogs that chase them around the island. 4.Finally, Prospero confronts his brother and Alonso, revealing his true identity as the rightful Duke of Milan. He demands that Antonio restore his throne; he also rebukes Sebastian for plotting against his own brother. To Alonso, he reveals Ferdinand alive and well, playing chess with Miranda. As a final act, Prospero abandons his magic and releases Ariel and Caliban from their servitude. From Ariel, Prospero asks for one last boon: calm seas and favorable winds for their trip back to Naples.

Why do you think Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning- point in his life? Ans)1.Gandhi considered the Champaran episode as a turning-point in his life. Champaran didn’t begin as an act of defiance - the civil disobedience. It grew out of his efforts to make the millions of poor peasants get rid of their problems. The peasants were suffering in the hands of British land owners. The Britishers, illegally and deceitfully took their earnings as rent of the land. The peasants were also being maltreated. 2.Gandhi not only brought the Champaran peasant economic and political solution but also helped for their cultural and social upliftment. They were made conscious of personal cleanliness and community sanitation. They were provided with schools and primary health centres. 3.Gandhi learnt that the peasants were apt to fight for their rights. The Indian leading persons and the masses 1 were searching for a bold champion. So, in everything Gandhi did, he aimed at growing self reliance among Indians. On seeing the spontaneous demonstration, in thousands, the government was baffled. It was under Gandhi’s insistence, the government set up an enquiry commission which exposed the atrocities 2 of the British planters on Champaran peasants. He tried to mould a new free Indian who could stand on his own feet and thus make India free. He made the British authorities realize that their power could be challenged by Indians. 4.Gandhi strongly announced that the Britishers could not order him in his own country. The Champaran episode gave Gandhi self confidence and direction to launch the freedom movement throughout the country. The Rattrap Summery? Ans)1.The story is based on the universal theme that the essential goodness in man can be awakened through understanding and love. 2.The story revolves around the belief that the whole world is nothing but a big rattrap with all its temptations used as baits. 3.The author uses the rattrap as a metaphor to justify the theme and basic idea that the world offers riches and joys as baits to trap man. The peddler in the story is taken in by the multiple baits offered to him in the form of a cottage on the roadside, the crofter`s hospitality and his confidences. Most of all, it was the money shown by the crofter that brought him back into the trap. He came back to steal the 30 kronors shown by his host. In his attempt to save himself from the clutches of law he got all the more entangled into the trap. He became a victim ofhis own philosophy of life. 4.The world, like bait, kept enticing him further in the form of the iron master and his daughter with all their hospitalities that they offered. The kind treatment meted out to him by Miss. EdlaWillmansson left a deep impression on him. It awakened the hidden goodness in him on seeing that she had gone out ofher way to make him comfortable and had also opposed her father who wanted to turn him away on realising that he was not the man, his old army comrade that he had taken him for. 5.It was Edla`s attitude that helped the peddler get released from the trap. He surrendered the stolen money and also thanked her for bringing about the much desired change in him. His basic goodness came to the fore because of her sympathies and her concern toward him. Quite rightly, he addressed her as, "Honoured and Noble Miss," while writing the note to her. 1) Describe How Derry and Mr. Lamb met each other and what happened later? Ans)Derry was a boy of 14 years and he was withdrawn and defiant. His face got burnt with acid. Mr. Lamb was lame. He lost his one of his legs in a bomb explosion, when he was in the army. Mr. Lamb lined in a big house and had a big garden. One day Derry saw the house of Mr. Lamb and thought it was empty. He sneaked into the house by climbing the garden wall. Mr. Lamb saw him and both of them met for the first time. They talked about each other’s life. Derry was not much interested in Mr. Lamb in the beginning but slowly he started talking with him, sharing his ideas and thoughts and finally a bond formed between the two, based on their similarities in physical disabilities and rejection by the world. 2) How did Mr. Lamb help Derry in accepting the reality of his life? Ans)Derry always used to run away from others due to his ugly face. People used to comment on his face about the scar. His burnt face did not find any place in the society. He became withdrawn and defiant. He deeply believed in his mind that he could not do anything in this world with his half burnt face. Mr. Lamb, by his thought provoking talks, developed a feeling of self-confidence and courage in the boy, Derry. He told him that he had all other parts of the body. He had a brain to think and decide. He can do anything like other boys around him. He encouraged Derry to read, listen and think. He advised Derry only to listen to the sweet things and be ready to face the whole world with his half burnt face. He helped him in accepting the fact that he had to live his life and face the world bravely.

The Happy Prince Summery? Ans)1.One night a little swallow flew over the city where the Prince’s beautiful statue stood. The swallow’s friends had gone away to Egypt six weeks before, but he had not because he was in love with the most beautiful reed. So his friends left him there itself. 2.On his way to Egypt, he saw the statue. It was covered by thin leaves of fine gold; for eyes he had two sapphires and a large red ruby glowed on his swordhilt. The Prince did not know what the sufferings were - he lived in a palace where sorrow was not known. The courtiers used to call him the ‘Happy Prince’ and the town councillors decided to build the statue after his death, which was set up so high that he could see everything in the city. 3.When the swallow decided to sleep on the statue’s feet, he felt some drops of water. He looked up and realized that the Happy Prince was crying because he could see the misery and ugliness of his own city. So the Happy Prince requested the swallow to be his messenger. The Prince could see a very poor seamstress whose son had been suffering from severe fever and crying for oranges. They had no food to eat, so the Happy Prince told the swallow to take out the ruby from his swordhilt and give it to them. 4.The following night the Happy Prince saw a man sitting in a garret trying to finish a play, but he was too cold to write. So the Happy Prince asked the swallow to take out a sapphire from his eyes and give it to the writer in order to buy wood. The following day, he saw a match-girl whose matches had fallen in the gutter and whose father would beat her if she did not bring home some money. In order to help her, the Happy Prince asked the swallow to pluck the other sapphire from his other eye to give to the girl. As a result of this action he became blind and the swallow had to fly over the city in order to tell him what he had seen. He saw the poor who were in the shackles of hunger and poverty and informed to the Prince. So the Prince ordered the swallow to peel off the golden leaves to give the poor. 5.When the swallow realised that he was going to die, he went to the Prince and told that he was going to the house of death. So saying the swallow fell down at the Prince`s feet and died. At the very moment Prince`s heart too broke into two pieces. 6.Early the next morning, the Mayor saw the broken statue and decided to pull it down to reuse by melting in a furnace. The broken lead heart did not melt so it was thrown away on a dust-heap where the dead swallow, the Prince`s final friend, was lying. 7.However, an angel charged by God to find ‘the two most precious things in the city’ returned with the dead bird and the Prince`s broken heart. God approved of the angel`s choice, and ordered that both the swallow and the Prince would live happily in His presence forever.