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Example of intramolecular Hb in which Ninhyrin is formed give all its process and how the product formed is stable.

Example of intramolecular Hb in which Ninhyrin is formed give all its process and how the product formed is stable.

Grade:12th pass

1 Answers

jyoti bhatia
202 Points
5 years ago
Ninhydrin(2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione) is a chemical used to detect ammonia or primary and secondary amines. When reacting with these free amines, a deep blue or purple color known as Ruhemann's purple is produced. 

The carbon atom of a carbonyl bears a partial positive charge enhanced by neighbouring electron withdrawing groups like carbonyl itself. So the central carbon of a 1,2,3-tricarbonyl compound is much more electrophilic than one in a simple ketone. Thus indane-1,2,3-trione reacts readily with nucleophiles, including water. Whereas for most carbonyl compounds, a carbonyl form is more stable than a product of water addition (hydrate), ninhydrin forms a stable hydrate of the central carbon because of the destabilizing effect of the adjacent carbonyl groups.

 To generate the ninhydrin chromophore(2-(1,3-dioxoindan-2-yl)iminoindane-1,3-dione), the amine is condensed with a molecule of ninhydrin to give a Stiff base. Thus only ammonia and primary amines can proceed past this step. At this step, there must be an alpha hydrogen present to form the Schiff base. Therefore, amines bound to tertiary carbons do not react further and thus are not detected. 

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