diagonal relationship between mg and li
diagonal relationship between mg and li
saba , 10 Years ago
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Inorganic Chemistry> diagonal relationship between mg and li...
1 Answerssumit kumar
Last Activity: 10 Years ago
- The reason for resemblance of properties of lithium with magnesium is that these two elements have almost same polarizing power.
- The following points illustrate the anomalous properties of lithium and its diagonal relationship with magnesium:
- The melting point and boiling point of lithium are comparatively high.
- Lithium is much harder than the other alkali metals. Magnesium is also hard metal.
- Lithium reacts with oxygen least readily to form normal oxide whereas other alkali metals form peroxides and superoxides.
- LiOH like Mg (OH)2 is weak base. Hydroxides of other alkali metals are strong bases.
- Due to their appreciable covalent nature, the halides and alkyls of lithum and magnesium are soluble in organic solvents.
- Unlike elements of group 1 but like magnesium. Lithium forms nitride with nitrogen.6Li + N2 → 2Li3N
- LiCl is deliquescent and crystallizes as a hydrate, LiCI2H2O. Other alkali metals do not form hydrates. also forms hydrate, MgCI2.8H2O .
- Unlike other alkali metals lithium reacts directly with carbon to form an ionic carbide. Magnesium also forms a similar carbide.
- The carbonates, hydroxides and nitrates of lithium as well as magnesium decompose on heating.
Li2CO3→ Li2O + CO2MgCO3→ MgO + CO22LiOH → Li2O + H2OMg (OH)2 → MgO + H2O4LiNO3 → 2Li2O + 4NO2 + O22Mg ( NO3)2 → 2Mg + 4NO2 +O2The corresponding salts of other alkali metals are stable towards heat.
- Lithium nitrate, on heating, decomposes to give lithium oxide, Li2O whereas other alkali metals nitrate decomposes to give the corresponding nitrite.
4LiNO3 → 2Li2O + 4NO2 + O2
2NaNO3 → 2NaNO2 + O2
2KNO3 → 2KNO2 + O2 - Li2CO3, LiOH, LiF and Li3PO4 are the only alkali metal salts which are insoluble in water. The corresponding magnesium compounds are also insoluble in water.
- Hydrogen carbonates of both lithium and magnesium can not be isolated in solid state. Hydrogen carbonates of other alkali metals can be isolated in solid state.
Thanks & Regards
Sumit Kumar
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