Nelson’s Process:- ( Perforated diaphragm Process) Principle: In this method NaOH is manufactured by the electrolysis of brine solution using perforated steel U-tube as cathode and a graphite rod as anode. Na + + Cl − ( Ionization ) NaCl H 2O H + + OH − ( Ionization ) 2 H + + 2e − → H 2 ( at cathode ) → 2 H + + 2e − ?? H 2 ( at cathode ) ? ? ? (Electrolysis) − − 2Cl ?? Cl2 + 2e ( at anode ) ? → ? Na + + ?? NaOH → Process : Nelson’s cel consists of a perforated steel U – tube lined inside with asbestos, which acts as cathode. Brine solution is taken into it. The whole apparatus is suspended in an iron tank, provided with outlets (one for H 2 and the other for Cl2 ) The tank is provided with steam arrangement. A graphite rod suspended in the brine solution acts as anode. The cathode and anode are connected by means of wires to the terminals of a battery and at the same time steam is passed. Electrolysis takes place. NaOH collects into the the trough provided at the bottom
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