1.How to identify whether there exists an ionic bond or a covalent bond in a given molecule?

2.And how to identify the type of hybridisation, shape of the molecule its structure etc.

3.Can anyone suggest a good book to learn hybridisation and other things in chemical bonding which is written in easily understandable way and sufficiently detailed?

But, how do you know if a compound is ionic or covalent just by looking at a sample? This is where the properties of ionic and covalent compounds can be useful. Because there are exceptions, you need to look at several properties to determine whether a sample is ionic or covalent, but here are some characteristics to consider:

• Most crystals are ionic compounds. This is because the ions in these compounds tend to stack into crystal lattices to balance between the attractive forces between opposite ions and the repulsive forces between like ions. Covalent or molecular compoundscanexist as crystals, though. Examples include sugar crystals and diamond.

• Ionic compounds tend to have higher melting and boiling points than covalent compounds.

• Ionic compounds tend to be hard and brittle while covalent compounds tend to be softer and more flexible.

• Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water while covalent compounds typically don't. This is because covalent compounds dissolve into molecules while ionic compounds dissolve into ions, which can conduct charge.

Thank You
Ruchi
Askiitians Faculty