Grade 12Inorganic Chemistry
How to identify whether a molecule is polar or not?
How to identify whether a molecule is polar or not?
3 Answers
SAGAR SINGH - IIT DELHI
Dear student,
A polar molecule is a molecule that has a net dipole moment due to its having unsymmetrical polar bonds.
There are two factors that go into determining if a molecule is polar or not. To determine if a molecule (or ion) is polar or non-polar, you must determine both factors.
1) The polarity of the individual bonds in the molecule;
2) The shape or geometry of the molecule.
First, to determine if a given individual bond is polar, you need to know the electronegativity of two atoms involved in that bond. If the electronegativity of the two atoms has a difference of 0.3 or less, then the bond is non-polar. If the electronegativity difference is greater that 0.3 but less than 1.7, then the bond is polar. If the two values have a difference greater than 1.7, then the bond is ionic, which is just very very polar.
There are two factors that go into determining if a molecule is polar or not. To determine if a molecule (or ion) is polar or non-polar, you must determine both factors.
1) The polarity of the individual bonds in the molecule;
2) The shape or geometry of the molecule.
First, to determine if a given individual bond is polar, you need to know the electronegativity of two atoms involved in that bond. If the electronegativity of the two atoms has a difference of 0.3 or less, then the bond is non-polar. If the electronegativity difference is greater that 0.3 but less than 1.7, then the bond is polar. If the two values have a difference greater than 1.7, then the bond is ionic, which is just very very polar.
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Askiitians Expert
Sagar Singh
B.Tech, IIT Delhi
sagarsingh24.iitd@gmail.com
vikas askiitian expert
dear chilukuri kartik ,
a molecule is said to be polar if there exist a net dipole moment ...
for example if we take CCl4 then it containes 4 polar bonds but this molecule is not polar
coz its shape is regular tetrahedral & so all four dipole moment vectors cancel each other ...
so dipole moment is a necessary condition for a molecule to be polar...
Bhuvandeepak Chada
any molecule or compound soluble in polar solvents such as water is a polar molecule whereas a molecule soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon disulphide is a non-polar molecule
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