Write structures of different isomeric amines corresponding to the molecular formula, C4div1N.

To understand the isomeric amines that correspond to the molecular formula C4H11N, we need to consider how the carbon and nitrogen atoms can be arranged in various structural forms. Isomers are compounds that share the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of atoms. For amines, we focus primarily on how the amine group (-NH2) is integrated into the carbon skeleton. Let’s break this down step by step.

Types of Isomeric Amines

We can categorize the isomeric amines into two main types: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines. Each type varies based on how many carbon groups are attached to the nitrogen atom.

Primary Amines

In primary amines, the nitrogen atom is bonded to one carbon atom and has two hydrogen atoms. For C4H11N, we can have the following structures:

• Butylamine: CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2
• Isobutylamine: (CH3)2CH-CH2-NH2
• Sec-Butylamine: CH3-CH2-CH(NH2)-CH3

Secondary Amines

In secondary amines, the nitrogen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom. Here are the possible secondary amines for C4H11N:

• Diethylamine: CH3-CH2-NH-CH2-CH3
• Butylmethylamine: CH3-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)-CH3

Tertiary Amines

Tertiary amines have nitrogen bonded to three carbon atoms with no hydrogen attached. The possible tertiary amines for this molecular formula include:

• Trimethylamine: (CH3)3N
• Ethylmethylamine: CH3-CH2-N(CH3)-CH2-CH3

Visualizing Isomer Structures

To visualize these isomers, it can be helpful to draw them out. Each structure has a different connectivity, which leads to unique physical and chemical properties. For example, butylamine is a straight-chain amine, while isobutylamine has a branched structure. These variations can affect boiling points, solubility in water, and reactivity with other compounds.

Example: Butylamine vs. Isobutylamine

Butylamine is a linear structure, which allows for stronger van der Waals forces due to its longer carbon chain. In contrast, isobutylamine, being branched, has a lower boiling point because its compact structure creates less surface area for intermolecular interactions. This exemplifies how isomerism can influence the properties of compounds.

Summarizing the Key Points

In summary, the molecular formula C4H11N can give rise to a variety of isomeric amines, including primary, secondary, and tertiary forms. Each isomer has distinct structures and properties due to the different arrangements of carbon and nitrogen atoms. By understanding these variations, we can better appreciate the complexity and diversity of organic compounds.