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Explain how the average velocity of free electrons in a metal at constant temperature, in an electric field, remain constant even though the electrons are being constantly accelarated by this electric field?

Explain how the average velocity of free electrons in a metal at constant temperature, in an electric field, remain constant even though the electrons are being constantly accelarated by this electric field?

Grade:Upto college level

1 Answers

Saurabh Koranglekar
askIITians Faculty 10335 Points
3 years ago
vd=aτ

where α is the acceleration due to the electric field

τ is the average relaxation time.

Now

Acceleration of each electron is, α = -eE/m

=>vd = -eEτ/m

Electric field in a conductor doesn't change for a given value of potential V.

At constant temperature, average relaxation time remains unchanged.

Therefore, the drift velocity remains constant for constant temperature.

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