Easy derivation of electric field due to dipole at any general point.

The electric dipole moment for a pair of opposite charges of magnitude q is defined as the magnitude of the charge times the distance between them and the defined direction is toward the positive charge. It is a useful concept in atoms andmoleculeswhere the effects of charge separation are measurable, but the distances between the charges are too small to be easily measurable. It is also a useful concept indielectricsand other applications in solid and liquid materials.