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wat is the direction of drift velocity with reference to the applied electric field?
Dear student,
One can relate ΔQ to the motion of charged particles in a wire expecting a dependence on the number density of the charge carriers and using dimensional analysis.
Now, normally particles move randomly, but under the influence of an electric field in the wire, the charge carriers gain an average velocity in a specific direction. This is what's called drift velocity, vd. And since Δx = vd Δt, we can plug it into the above equation.
Putting that back into the original equation and re-arranging to solve for the drift velocity:
the drift velocity has opposite dir as that of electric field because electrons experience force in that dir ie opp to electric field
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