what is EL Nino effect ? what will be the consequences of this phenomenon on the earth ?give to points.

Dear student

Definition of El Niño

When we notice different weather patterns, we usually think of what's in the air. But did you know that a lot of what happens in the air is because of the temperature of the oceans? El Niño is an abnormal weather pattern caused by the warming of the Pacific Ocean near the equator, off the coast of South America. The sun warms the water near the equator, which can make more clouds and, therefore, more rain. However, normally there are trade winds, which blow that warm water west. During El Niño, though, those trade winds weaken, or even reverse, which lets the warm water that is usually found in the western Pacific remain or flow east. This warm water displaces the cooler water that is normally found near the surface of the eastern Pacific, setting off atmospheric changes that affect weather patterns in many parts of the world.

A temperature increase of least 0.9 F (0.5 C) needs to occur in the waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean near the equator for it to be considered an El Niño year. Although El Niño does not occur in a perfectly regular pattern, it seems to happen every 2 to 7 years. Following an El Niño, an opposite phenomenon occurs, called La Niña. During La Niña, the eastern Pacific Ocean experiences cooler than normal temperatures around the equator.

The effects of El Niño are strong and can wreak havoc on weather systems around the world. The changes vary drastically around the globe.

Storm Effects

Along the Pacific coast of the Americas, El Niño can cause severe storms and flooding. Peru and Ecuador usually receive the brunt of the force of El Niño. During the months of April - October, this area experiences increased rain fall.

Regards

Arun (askIITians forum expert)

The El Niño effect got its name from the Spanish word The child  . It takes place every two to seven years .It is the cause for a dramatical change in the weather condition. It is often recognised near the coastal areas of southern America . It is noticed to have a hold one the climatic conditions of the Pacific ocean. Due to this effect there is no consistent climate in these regions , this might lead to various disasters . This warms up the pas icic ocean a bit rather than the usual days .