In flowering plants, a second sperm nucleus fuses with other nuclei in the megagametophyte froming a polyploid endosperm tissue, which serves as nourishment for young sporophyte. Endosperm is a tissue produced inside seeds of most flowering plants around time of fertilization. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in form of starch., though it can also contain oils and protein. This can make endosperm a source of nutrition in human diet.
Pollentube releases two sperm nuclei into the ovule. in gymnosperms, fertilization occurs within archegonia produced by female gametophyte. Only one zygote will develop into a mature embryo as resources within seed are limited. in flowering plants, one sperm nucleus fuses with egg cell to produce a zygote, other fuses with the two polar nuclei of central cell to give rise to the polyploid endosperm. This double fertilization is unique to flowering plants. Plant stores nutrients in the endosperm as a food source for developing embryo and seeding. Endosperm is also called albumen of the seed.
Embryos may be described by a number of terms like Linear (embryos have axile placentation and are longer than broad) or rudimentary (embryos are basal in which embryo is tiny in relation to endosperm).