You have a mixture of three liquids A,B and C. There is a large difference in the boiling points of A and the rest of the two liquids i.e., B and C. The boiling point of liquids B and C are quite close. Liquid A boils at a higher temperature than B and C and the boiling point of B is lower than C. How will you separate the components of the mixture? Draw a diagram showing setup of the apparatus for the process.

Liquids having different boiling points vaporize at different temperatures. The vapors are cooled and then liquids so formed are collected separately. Liquid A can be separated from B and C because of the large difference in boiling point. Liquid B and C have boiling points very close to each other and cannot be separated by simple distillation hence separated by fractional distillation. Liquid B distilled first because the order of boiling points of A,B and C are as follows: BCA,