Explain with proper examples-‘Motion is relative.’

The concept "motion is relative" means that the motion of an object is always measured with respect to some reference point or frame of reference. There is no absolute or universal frame of reference in the universe, and thus the motion of an object can appear different depending on the observer's point of view.
Explanation with Examples:
1. Example 1: A car moving on a road
Imagine you are sitting in a car that is moving at a speed of 60 km/h on a straight road. Now, if you are inside the car, you feel as if the car is stationary (because you're moving along with it). However, an observer standing outside the car would see the car moving at 60 km/h. Here, the motion of the car is relative to two different reference points:
o Relative to you (inside the car): The car is at rest.
o Relative to an observer outside: The car is moving at 60 km/h.
This illustrates that motion depends on the observer’s frame of reference.
2. Example 2: A person walking on a moving bus
Suppose a person is walking inside a bus, and the bus is moving forward at 20 km/h on a straight road. If the person walks in the direction of the bus's motion at 5 km/h, an observer inside the bus will see them walking at 5 km/h relative to the bus. But if an observer is standing outside the bus, they would see the person moving at a combined speed of 25 km/h (20 km/h from the bus and 5 km/h from the person walking in the direction of motion).
Similarly, if the person walks opposite to the direction of the bus's motion, an observer inside the bus will see the person moving at 5 km/h in the opposite direction, while an external observer will see the person moving at a speed of 15 km/h (20 km/h - 5 km/h).
This example demonstrates that the motion of the person depends on the observer's frame of reference.
3. Example 3: An airplane flying
If you're sitting inside an airplane that is flying at 500 km/h, you might feel like you are at rest or moving very slowly if you're walking inside the airplane at 5 km/h. However, an observer on the ground will measure the airplane's speed as 500 km/h. The relative motion again depends on the frame of reference:
o Relative to you inside the airplane: You are at rest, and the plane moves at 500 km/h.
o Relative to an observer on the ground: The plane is moving at 500 km/h, and you might be walking at 5 km/h relative to the airplane.
4. Example 4: Earth’s rotation and satellites
Consider the Earth rotating about its axis. For someone standing on Earth, the motion of the planet is not evident to them, and they don't feel like they are moving. However, from the perspective of an astronaut in space, the Earth appears to be rotating at a significant speed.
Similarly, when we look at satellites orbiting the Earth, their motion is relative to the Earth’s surface. An observer on Earth sees the satellite moving across the sky, but an astronaut in space might see the satellite at a different position depending on their own movement and position.
Key Points:
• Motion is always measured with respect to some object or reference frame. There is no absolute motion.
• Different observers can perceive the motion of the same object differently depending on their frame of reference.
• Relative motion is central to understanding the behavior of objects in different contexts, whether they are on Earth, in space, or on moving vehicles like cars or airplanes.
Conclusion:
In summary, the statement "motion is relative" signifies that an object's motion depends on the observer’s frame of reference. Whether an object is at rest or in motion is not an absolute fact but depends on the point of view from which it is measured. The motion of an object can be observed in different ways depending on the position and movement of the observer.