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40. You are provided with a mixture containing sand, iron filings, ammonium chloride and sodium chloride. Describe the procedures you would use to separate these constituents from the mixture.

40. You are provided with a mixture containing sand, iron filings, ammonium chloride and sodium chloride. Describe the procedures you would use to separate these constituents from the mixture.

Grade:12th pass

1 Answers

Pawan Prajapati
askIITians Faculty 60787 Points
3 years ago
The given mixture can be separated using the following process : (i) Magnetic Separation : Using magnetic separation the iron filings can be separated from the given mixture. In this, a magnet is moved just above the mixture, since iron is a magnetic substance it is attracted by magnet and stuck with it. By this, first of all iron filings are separated. (ii) Sublimation : After the separation of iron filings, ammonium chloride is separated by the process of sublimation. Since, ammonium chloride is a sublimate and it turns into vapour directly without changing into liquid, thus when the mixture is sublimated, the ammonium chloride is deposited over the inner wall of funnel leaving the sodium chloride and sand in the watch glass. Ammonium chloride is separated by scratching from the inner wall of the funnel. (iii) Filtration : Now the left mixture of sand and sodium chloride is put in water, after stirring the sodium chloride is dissolved in water. The solution is separated by the process of filtration. The sand leftover is separated out by using the filter paper. (iv) Vaporisation : By the process of vaporization, the liquid so obtained is vapourized and crystals of ammonium chloride can be obtained. Hence, by using the methods of magnetic separation, sublimation, filteration, vaporisation and crystallization the component of given mixture of sand, iron filings, ammonium chloride and sodium chloride can be separated.

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