Describe the process of neutralisation with the help of an example.

The reaction between an acid and a base is known as neutralization reaction. In this reaction, both acid and base cancel each other’s effect. Neutralisation reaction results in the formation of salt and water. During this reaction, energy in the form of heat is evolved.

Acid + Base → Salt + Water + Heat

For example, when sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H₂O) are obtained.