Write Hofmann’s bromamide reaction.

The Hofmann bromamide reaction is a chemical reaction that converts primary amides to primary amines. The reaction involves the treatment of an amide with bromine and sodium hydroxide solution (or sodium hypobromite) to yield a primary amine with one fewer carbon atom than the original amide. Here is the general reaction:

RCONH2 + Br2 + NaOH → RNH2 + NaBr + H2O + CO2

In this reaction, R represents an alkyl or aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom of the amide. The bromine is introduced as a bromine source, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) serves as the base. The resulting products are a primary amine (RNH2), sodium bromide (NaBr), water (H2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2).

The Hofmann bromamide reaction is named after its discoverer, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, a German chemist who first described it in the mid-19th century.