12 grade chemistry others

Reaction of aniline with acetyl chloride in the presence of NaOH gives: A) acetanilide B) P-chloroaniline C) a red eye D) aniline hydrochloride

Aniket Singh

1 Year agoGrade

1 Answer

Askiitians Tutor Team

1 Year ago

To solve the question regarding the reaction of aniline with acetyl chloride in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we need to analyze the components and their interactions.

### Components Involved:
1. **Aniline (C₆H₅NH₂)**: An aromatic amine.
2. **Acetyl chloride (CH₃COCl)**: An acyl chloride that can react with amines.
3. **Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)**: A strong base that can deprotonate aniline, making it more nucleophilic.

### Reaction Mechanism:
1. **Deprotonation of Aniline**: In the presence of NaOH, aniline (C₆H₅NH₂) is deprotonated to form the anilinium ion (C₆H₅NH₃⁺). The base (NaOH) removes the hydrogen ion (H⁺) from the amine group, enhancing the nucleophilicity of the nitrogen atom in aniline.

\[
\text{C₆H₅NH₂} + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{C₆H₅NH₃⁺} + \text{Na}^+ + \text{OH}^-
\]

2. **Nucleophilic Attack**: The deprotonated aniline (or the anilinium ion) can then act as a nucleophile and attack the carbonyl carbon of acetyl chloride (CH₃COCl). This reaction leads to the formation of an acetanilide.

\[
\text{C₆H₅NH₂} + \text{CH₃COCl} \rightarrow \text{C₆H₅NHCOCH₃} + \text{HCl}
\]

3. **Formation of Acetanilide**: The product of this reaction is acetanilide (C₆H₅NHCOCH₃), which is formed by the acetylation of aniline.

### Conclusion:
The main product when aniline reacts with acetyl chloride in the presence of NaOH is **acetanilide** (option A).

### Other Options:
- **P-chloroaniline (B)**: Would form if aniline were to react with chlorine compounds, not acetyl chloride.
- **A red eye (C)**: This does not relate to the chemical reaction and is not relevant here.
- **Aniline hydrochloride (D)**: Would form if aniline were to react with hydrochloric acid, but is not the product of this reaction.

Thus, the answer is **A) acetanilide**.