How will you convert

• A. Propene to Propan -2-ol?
• B. Phenol to 2, 4, 6- trinitrophenol?

To convert A. Propene to Propan-2-ol, you can follow these steps:

Hydration of Propene

Propene (C₃H₆) can be converted to Propan-2-ol (C₃H₈O) through a hydration reaction. This involves adding water (H₂O) to the double bond of propene.

Catalytic Process

• Use an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
• Mix propene with water in the presence of the acid.
• The reaction will yield Propan-2-ol through the formation of an intermediate carbocation.

This method is efficient and commonly used in organic chemistry.

Transforming Phenol

To convert Phenol (C₆H₅OH) to 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (C₆H₃(NO₂)₃O), follow these steps:

Nitration Reaction

• Start with phenol and mix it with concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄).
• The sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst and helps generate the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), which is the active nitrating agent.
• Control the temperature to ensure that multiple nitro groups can be added to the phenol ring.

This process will yield 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol, commonly known as picric acid, which is a highly explosive compound.