How is glucose related with fructose?

• (A) Functional group isomerism
• (B) Rotamers
• (C) Position isomerism
• (D) Geometrical isomerism

Glucose and fructose are both simple sugars, or monosaccharides, that share the same molecular formula, C6H12O6. However, they differ in their structural arrangement, which leads to their classification as functional isomers.

Understanding Functional Group Isomerism

Functional group isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different functional groups. In the case of glucose and fructose:

• Glucose is an aldohexose, meaning it has an aldehyde group (-CHO).
• Fructose is a ketohexose, which contains a ketone group (C=O).

Why It Matters

This difference in functional groups affects their chemical properties and how they are metabolized in the body. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is:

(A) Functional group isomerism