By which insect lac is obtained?

Lac is a fascinating natural resin that is primarily obtained from the secretions of the lac insect, scientifically known as *Kerria lacca*. This small, scale-like insect is found predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in countries like India, Thailand, and Myanmar. The process of harvesting lac is quite interesting and involves both the insect and the host trees it inhabits.

The Life Cycle of the Lac Insect

The lac insect undergoes several stages in its life cycle, including egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The adult female lac insect is responsible for producing the resin. Once it settles on a host tree, it begins to secrete a sticky substance that hardens into a protective coating around itself. This resin not only serves as a protective barrier but also as a means of reproduction.

Host Trees and Habitat

Lac insects thrive on specific host trees, primarily those belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, such as the palas tree (*Butea monosperma*) and the kusum tree (*Schleichera oleosa*). The choice of tree is crucial because the quality and quantity of lac produced depend on the health of the host tree and the environmental conditions.

Harvesting Lac

The process of collecting lac is known as "lac cultivation." Farmers typically inoculate the host trees with the lac insect, allowing them to establish colonies. After a few months, the resin-coated branches are harvested. This is done by scraping off the hardened lac, which is then processed to separate the resin from the insect bodies and other impurities.

Uses of Lac

Lac has a variety of applications. It is widely used in the production of shellac, a natural resin that serves as a wood finish, food glaze, and in cosmetics. Additionally, lac is used in traditional crafts, such as making jewelry and decorative items.

Environmental Impact

The cultivation of lac is considered environmentally friendly since it does not require harmful chemicals and promotes the growth of trees. It also provides a source of income for many rural communities, supporting sustainable livelihoods.

In summary, lac is obtained from the secretions of the lac insect, *Kerria lacca*, which lives on specific host trees. The process of harvesting and processing lac not only highlights the intricate relationship between insects and their environment but also showcases the versatility of this natural resin in various industries.