Which conductor has the highest critical temperature?

The conductor with the highest critical temperature is a type of copper oxide known as a cuprate. Specifically, the compound HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+δ (often referred to as Hg-1223) holds the record, with a critical temperature around 133 K (-140 °C or -220 °F) when under pressure. This remarkable property allows it to conduct electricity without resistance at relatively high temperatures compared to traditional superconductors.

Key Features of High-Temperature Superconductors

• Critical Temperature: The temperature below which a material exhibits superconductivity.
• Cuprates: A class of materials that includes various copper oxides, known for their high critical temperatures.
• Applications: These materials are crucial for advancements in technology, including MRI machines and particle accelerators.

Importance of Research

Studying high-temperature superconductors like Hg-1223 is vital for developing new technologies that can operate more efficiently and with less energy loss. Ongoing research aims to discover even higher temperature superconductors, which could revolutionize electrical systems worldwide.