Explain two phenomena that show movement of wind is caused due to unequal heating on earth?

The movement of wind on Earth is primarily driven by the unequal heating of the Earth's surface, which leads to two important phenomena: convection currents and the Coriolis effect.

Convection Currents:

As sunlight reaches the Earth's surface, it is not distributed evenly. The equatorial regions receive more direct sunlight, while the polar regions receive oblique sunlight.
This unequal heating causes differences in temperature between various regions of the Earth's surface. The equator becomes warmer than the poles.
Warm air is less dense and tends to rise, while cooler air is denser and sinks. This principle is known as convection.
Near the equator, warm air rises, creating a low-pressure area. As it ascends, it cools, condenses, and forms clouds, which can lead to precipitation.
At the same time, in the cooler polar regions, denser cold air sinks, creating high-pressure areas.
Air naturally moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, which sets up a circulation pattern. Wind begins to blow from the high-pressure areas at the poles toward the low-pressure areas at the equator.
However, the rotation of the Earth (Coriolis effect) deflects these wind currents, creating the trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies.
Coriolis Effect:

The Coriolis effect is a result of the Earth's rotation. As the Earth spins on its axis from west to east, any object (including air) moving across its surface is subject to a deflective force.
In the Northern Hemisphere, this deflection causes moving air or fluids to be diverted to the right of their path. In the Southern Hemisphere, it causes deflection to the left.
This deflection affects the direction of the wind patterns, making them appear to curve. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds tend to curve clockwise, and in the Southern Hemisphere, they tend to curve counterclockwise.
For example, the trade winds, which blow from the northeast to the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast to the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere, are a result of the Coriolis effect.
The Coriolis effect also contributes to the formation of major wind belts, such as the trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies, which play a crucial role in global atmospheric circulation.
In summary, unequal heating of the Earth's surface creates temperature differences, leading to the formation of high and low-pressure areas. Convection currents develop as air moves from high to low-pressure areas. The Coriolis effect then deflects these currents, shaping the global wind patterns we observe today. These two phenomena, convection currents and the Coriolis effect, are essential in explaining how wind movement is caused by the unequal heating of the Earth.