What do you see when penta hydrated copper-sulfate crystals are heated? Give a reaction too.

When penta-hydrated copper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) crystals are heated, they undergo a chemical change as they lose their water molecules. This process is called dehydration. Here's what you would observe and the chemical reaction that occurs:

Observation:

Initially, the penta-hydrated copper sulfate crystals are blue and have a crystalline structure.
As they are heated, the crystals start to change color and become white.
Steam or water vapor is released as the water molecules in the crystal structure are driven off.
The crystals may also start to crumble and lose their defined shape as they lose water.
Chemical Reaction:
The chemical reaction for the dehydration of penta-hydrated copper sulfate can be represented as follows:

CuSO4·5H2O (penta-hydrated copper sulfate) → CuSO4 (anhydrous copper sulfate) + 5H2O (water vapor)

In this reaction, the penta-hydrated copper sulfate loses its five water molecules to form anhydrous (without water) copper sulfate, and the water is released in the form of steam or water vapor. The color change from blue to white is indicative of this transformation, as the anhydrous copper sulfate is a white powder while the hydrated form is blue.

Overall, the observation of the color change and the release of steam during heating are characteristic signs of the dehydration of penta-hydrated copper sulfate crystals.