What are nucleic acids? Mention their two important functions?

Nucleic acids are large biomolecules essential for all forms of life. They are made up of long chains of nucleotides, which are the building blocks consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Key Functions of Nucleic Acids

• Genetic Information Storage: DNA serves as the blueprint for all living organisms, storing the genetic instructions necessary for growth, development, and reproduction.
• Protein Synthesis: RNA plays a crucial role in translating the genetic code from DNA into proteins, which perform various functions in the cell.

These functions highlight the importance of nucleic acids in maintaining life and facilitating biological processes.