To solve the question of identifying the correct sequence of substances obtained during fractional distillation of petroleum in ascending order of their boiling points, let's analyze the components typically separated during this process:
Petroleum Gas (Liquefied Petroleum Gas - LPG): This consists primarily of propane and butane and has the lowest boiling point (around -42°C to 0°C).
Petrol (Gasoline): This fraction has a boiling point range of about 30°C to 200°C.
Kerosene: Kerosene, often used as jet fuel or for heating, typically has a boiling point range of about 150°C to 300°C.
Diesel: Diesel fuel generally boils at a range of about 250°C to 350°C.
Lubricating Oil: This fraction has higher boiling points, typically ranging from 300°C to 400°C or even higher.
Paraffin Wax: This is usually a solid at room temperature and has a melting point around 50°C to 60°C, but its boiling point is much higher, around 370°C to 450°C.
Now let's examine the options provided in the question:
A. Petroleum gas, Kerosene, Petrol, Diesel, Paraffin wax
B. Petrol, Petroleum, Kerosene, Light oil, Diesel
C. Petrol gas, Petrol, Kerosene, Diesel, Lubricating oil
D. Petroleum gas, Petrol, Lubricating oil, Diesel, Kerosene
Analysis of Each Option:
Option A: This is incorrect because it places kerosene before petrol, which has a lower boiling point.
Option B: This is incorrect as it incorrectly orders petrol and kerosene.
Option C: This option starts with petrol gas and follows with petrol, kerosene, diesel, and lubricating oil, which appears correct because it follows the increasing boiling point order.
Option D: This is incorrect because it places lubricating oil before diesel, which has a lower boiling point.
Conclusion: The correct sequence of substances obtained during fractional distillation of petroleum in ascending order of their boiling points is:
C. Petrol gas, Petrol, Kerosene, Diesel, Lubricating oil
