How is fog formed?

Fog forms when water vapor in the air condenses into tiny water droplets near the Earth's surface. This process typically happens when the air temperature cools to the point where it can no longer hold all of the moisture it contains.

There are several ways fog can form:

Radiation Fog: This type of fog forms at night when the ground loses heat by radiation, cooling the air near the surface. As the air cools, it reaches its dew point (the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor), causing water vapor to condense into fog.
Advection Fog: Advection fog occurs when warm, moist air moves horizontally over a cooler surface, such as land or water. As the warm air cools near the surface, it may reach its dew point and fog forms.
Upslope Fog: Upslope fog is created when moist air flows up along an incline, such as a hill or mountain. As the air rises, it cools and reaches its dew point, leading to fog formation.
Steam Fog: Also known as sea smoke, steam fog forms when cold air moves over warmer water. The warm water evaporates into the colder air, creating fog above the water's surface.
Frontal Fog: Frontal fog occurs along warm and cold fronts when warm, moist air is lifted over colder air. As the warm air rises and cools, fog forms.
These are the primary mechanisms by which fog forms, and often, a combination of these processes can occur simultaneously to produce foggy conditions.