Give the chemical name and formula of chloride of lime. What happens when it is exposed to air. Write a chemical equation.

Chloride of lime is commonly known as calcium hypochlorite. Its chemical formula is Ca(OCl)₂. This compound is widely used for disinfection and bleaching purposes, particularly in water treatment and sanitation.

Behavior in Air

When calcium hypochlorite is exposed to air, it can undergo a few changes. One of the primary concerns is its reaction with moisture in the air, which can lead to the release of chlorine gas. This is particularly important because chlorine is a potent oxidizing agent and can be hazardous in high concentrations.

Chemical Reaction

The reaction that occurs when calcium hypochlorite is exposed to moisture can be represented by the following chemical equation:

• 2 Ca(OCl)₂ + 2 H₂O → 2 Ca(OH)₂ + 2 Cl₂

In this equation, calcium hypochlorite reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide and chlorine gas. The presence of moisture accelerates this reaction, which is why it is essential to store calcium hypochlorite in a dry environment.

Practical Implications

Understanding the behavior of calcium hypochlorite in air is crucial for its safe handling and storage. If it is kept in a humid environment, not only can it lose its effectiveness as a disinfectant, but it can also pose safety risks due to the release of chlorine gas. Therefore, proper precautions should always be taken when working with this compound.

Summary

In summary, the chemical name of chloride of lime is calcium hypochlorite, with the formula Ca(OCl)₂. When exposed to air, particularly in the presence of moisture, it can release chlorine gas through a chemical reaction. This highlights the importance of careful storage and handling to ensure safety and effectiveness.