Give reason for the following.

• Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.

The measurement of osmotic pressure is a preferred method for determining the molar masses of macromolecules like proteins and polymers due to several key reasons.

Direct Relationship with Concentration

Osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the concentration of solute particles in a solution. This relationship allows for accurate calculations of molar mass based on the observed osmotic pressure.

Non-volatile Solutes

Macromolecules such as proteins and polymers are typically non-volatile, meaning they do not evaporate. This characteristic makes osmotic pressure measurements reliable, as the presence of these solutes does not change with temperature fluctuations.

Minimal Sample Requirement

Osmotic pressure methods often require smaller sample sizes compared to other techniques. This is particularly advantageous when working with precious or limited samples of macromolecules.

High Sensitivity

The osmotic pressure method is sensitive enough to detect small changes in concentration, which is crucial for accurately determining the molar masses of large molecules that may not behave ideally in other methods.

Applicability to Various Conditions

This method can be applied across a range of conditions, including different temperatures and solvent types, making it versatile for studying various macromolecules.

Conclusion

In summary, the osmotic pressure method is favored for determining the molar masses of macromolecules due to its direct relationship with concentration, reliability with non-volatile solutes, minimal sample requirements, high sensitivity, and versatility across different conditions.