To tackle the question regarding the assertion and reason about nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites, we need to analyze both statements carefully. The assertion claims that nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites exhibit functional isomerism, while the reason states that compounds with the same molecular formula but different functional groups are termed functional isomers. Let's break this down step by step.
Understanding Functional Isomerism
Functional isomerism occurs when two or more compounds share the same molecular formula but differ in the type of functional group present. This difference in functional groups can lead to distinct chemical properties and reactivities. For example, consider the molecular formula C2H5NO2. This formula can represent both nitroethane (a nitroalkane) and ethyl nitrite (an alkyl nitrite), which indeed have different functional groups: a nitro group (-NO2) and a nitrite group (-ONO), respectively.
Examining the Assertion
The assertion states that nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites exhibit functional isomerism. Since both types of compounds can be represented by the same molecular formula (C2H5NO2) but have different functional groups, this assertion is correct. They are indeed functional isomers of each other.
Evaluating the Reason
The reason provided explains that compounds with the same molecular formula but different functional groups are called functional isomers. This definition is accurate and aligns with the concept of functional isomerism. Therefore, the reason is also correct.
Connecting the Assertion and Reason
Now, we need to determine if the reason correctly explains the assertion. Since both nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites are functional isomers due to their differing functional groups, the reason does indeed provide a valid explanation for the assertion. The relationship between the two statements is clear: the definition of functional isomerism supports the assertion that nitroalkanes and alkyl nitrites are functional isomers.
Final Assessment
Given this analysis, we can conclude that both the assertion and the reason are correct, and the reason accurately explains the assertion. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is:
- (A) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
