Which one is a monogenetic parasite?a. Plasmodiumb. Fasciola hepaticac. Taenia soliumd. Entamoeba histolytica

The correct answer is d. Entamoeba histolytica.
Monogenetic parasites are those that complete their entire life cycle within a single host. They do not require an intermediate host to complete their development or reproduction.
Entamoeba histolytica:
• Entamoeba histolytica is a monogenetic parasite because its entire life cycle occurs within a single host (humans or other mammals). It infects the large intestine and causes amoebiasis. The parasite is transmitted through ingestion of cysts from contaminated food or water, and it reproduces within the host without needing another organism for its life cycle.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
• a. Plasmodium: Plasmodium (the cause of malaria) is a digenetic parasite. It requires two hosts: humans (the primary host) and Anopheles mosquitoes (the intermediate host) to complete its life cycle. The sexual reproduction of Plasmodium occurs in the mosquito, while the asexual reproduction happens in the human host.
• b. Fasciola hepatica: Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) is also a digenetic parasite. It requires two hosts: a definitive host (usually a mammal like a human or a cow) and an intermediate host (a snail) to complete its life cycle.
• c. Taenia solium: Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) is another digenetic parasite. It requires two hosts: humans (the definitive host) and pigs (the intermediate host). The eggs are ingested by pigs, where larvae develop, and humans acquire the infection by consuming undercooked pork.
Entamoeba histolytica is a monogenetic parasite because it completes its entire life cycle in a single host (human), making d. Entamoeba histolytica the correct answer.