Which of the following is a protein deficiency disease?

• A. Osteomalacia
• B. Kwashiorkor
• C. Pellagra
• D. Rickets

Among the options provided, the correct answer is B. Kwashiorkor. This condition is specifically related to a deficiency of protein in the diet, often occurring in children who are weaned from breast milk and do not receive adequate protein intake.

Understanding the Other Options

Here’s a brief overview of the other diseases listed:

• A. Osteomalacia - This is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate.
• C. Pellagra - This disease results from a deficiency of niacin (vitamin B3) and is characterized by diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia.
• D. Rickets - This condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate, leading to weak or soft bones in children.

In summary, while all these conditions are related to nutritional deficiencies, only Kwashiorkor is specifically linked to a lack of protein.