Granules, cyanophycean granules, and glycogen granules. Gas vacuoles are found in blue-green and purple and green photosynthetic bacteria.

Granules, cyanophycean granules, and glycogen granules are all types of storage structures found in various organisms.

Granules: Granules are small particles or aggregates that store various types of molecules within cells. They can contain substances such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, or inorganic compounds. Granules serve as reserves of nutrients or energy sources that can be utilized by the cell when needed. Examples of granules include storage granules in bacteria and storage bodies in plant cells.

Cyanophycean Granules: Cyanophycean granules, also known as cyanophycean starch granules or cyanophycean bodies, are storage structures found in cyanobacteria, which are photosynthetic bacteria commonly known as blue-green algae. These granules store a polymer called cyanophycean starch, which is similar to plant starch. Cyanophycean granules serve as energy reserves for cyanobacteria during periods of nutrient limitation or low light availability.

Glycogen Granules: Glycogen granules are storage structures found in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and animals. Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units, and it serves as a major energy storage molecule in animals. Glycogen granules are particularly abundant in liver and muscle cells. When energy is required, glycogen is broken down into glucose, which can be used in cellular respiration to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of cells.

Gas vacuoles, on the other hand, are specialized structures found in certain bacteria, including some blue-green (cyanobacteria) and purple and green photosynthetic bacteria. Gas vacuoles are spindle-shaped or cylindrical structures composed of gas vesicles. These vesicles provide buoyancy to the bacteria, allowing them to control their position in water bodies by adjusting their buoyancy. The gas vesicles are impermeable to water but allow the passage of gases, such as nitrogen or oxygen. By regulating the gas content within the vacuoles, bacteria can either rise to the surface or sink to deeper waters, optimizing their access to light and nutrients.