Disease caused by the deficiency of Iodine is A. GoiterB. MyxedemaC. CretinismD. Tetany

The correct answer is C. Cretinism.

Cretinism is a disease caused by a severe deficiency of iodine, which is necessary for the production of thyroid hormones. Without adequate iodine, the thyroid gland cannot function properly and cannot produce sufficient amounts of thyroid hormones. This deficiency leads to stunted growth, impaired mental development, and other physical and mental abnormalities, particularly if the deficiency occurs during fetal development or early childhood.

Goiter, on the other hand, is an enlargement of the thyroid gland that can be caused by various factors, including iodine deficiency. Myxedema refers to a severe form of hypothyroidism, often seen in adults, which can be caused by a variety of factors including iodine deficiency but is not specific to it. Tetany is a condition characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and is generally associated with low levels of calcium in the blood, rather than iodine deficiency.

Therefore, the correct answer is C. Cretinism.