The correct answer is:
B. Myxoedema
Explanation:
Myxoedema is a health disorder caused by a deficiency of thyroxine (thyroid hormone) in adults. It is commonly associated with the following symptoms:
Low Metabolic Rate: Due to a reduced level of thyroxine, the body's metabolism slows down, leading to a low metabolic rate.
Increase in Body Weight: A slower metabolism reduces the rate at which the body burns calories, resulting in weight gain.
Tendency to Retain Water in Tissues: Myxoedema is characterized by edema (swelling) because of fluid retention, especially in the skin and tissues. This is often seen in the face and lower legs.
Why other options are incorrect:
A. Simple Goiter: This is caused by an iodine deficiency, leading to an enlargement of the thyroid gland. It does not typically involve low metabolic rate, weight gain, or water retention as specific symptoms.
C. Hypothyroidism: While hypothyroidism refers to low thyroid function, it is a broader term and includes myxoedema as a specific form of hypothyroidism in adults. Myxoedema is the more precise term for the described symptoms in adults.
D. Cretinism: This condition results from severe thyroxine deficiency in infants or young children, leading to stunted growth and mental retardation, rather than the symptoms described here.
Therefore, B. Myxoedema is the most accurate answer.
